The Center for Security Policy has, since its founding in 1988, operated as a non-profit, non-partisan organization committed to the time-tested philosophy of promoting international peace through American strength. It accomplishes this goal by stimulating and informing national and international policy debates, in particular, those involving regional, defense, economic, financial and technology developments that bear upon the security of the United States.

The Center specializes in the rapid preparation and real-time dissemination of information, analyses and policy recommendations via e-mail distribution; computerized fax; its exciting, redesigned Web site; published articles; and the electronic media. The principal audience for such materials is the U.S. security policy-making community (the executive and legislative branches, the armed forces and appropriate independent agencies), corresponding organizations in key foreign governments, the press (domestic and international), the global business and financial community and interested individuals in the public at large.

The Center is aided immeasurably in the performance of its mission thanks to the active participation of a sizeable network of past and present, civilian and military security policy practitioners. By drawing on the experience, judgment and insights of these accomplished individuals, the Center is able to maximize the quality of its inputs into the policy-making process. This structure also permits the Center to operate with an extremely small core staff and great cost-effectiveness.

The Arms Control Association (ACA), founded in 1971, is a national nonpartisan membership organization dedicated to promoting public understanding of and support for effective arms control policies. Through its public education and media programs and its magazine, Arms Control Today (ACT), ACA provides policy-makers, the press and the interested public with authoritative information, analysis and commentary on arms control proposals, negotiations and agreements, and related national security issues. In addition to the regular press briefings ACA holds on major arms control developments, the Association's staff provides commentary and analysis on a broad spectrum of issues for journalists and scholars both in the United States and abroad.

Founded in 1996, the Terrorism Research Center, Inc. (TRC) is an independent institute dedicated to the research of terrorism, information warfare and security, critical infrastructure protection and other issues of low-intensity political violence and gray-area phenomena. The TRC represents a new generation of terrorism and security analysis, combining expertise with technology to maximize the scope, depth and impact of our research for practical implementation.

The TRC provides core expertise in terrorism, counterterrorism, critical infrastructure protection, information warfare and security (including design review, technical assessments, policy development and review, and training), vulnerability and threat assessment (red teaming), systems engineering, encryption, intelligence analysis, and national security and defense policy.

With an unrivalled blend of strategic and tactical expertise, Stratfor specializes in providing situational awareness, focused insight and actionable intelligence in the areas of geopolitics, security and public policy to help our clients prepare for uncertainties and take action for maximizing results.

The Project for the New American Century is a non-profit educational organization dedicated to a few fundamental propositions: that American leadership is good both for America and for the world; and that such leadership requires military strength, diplomatic energy and commitment to moral principle.

The Project for the New American Century intends, through issue briefs, research papers, advocacy journalism, conferences, and seminars, to explain what American world leadership entails. It will also strive to rally support for a vigorous and principled policy of American international involvement and to stimulate useful public debate on foreign and defense policy and America's role in the world.

The Middle East Forum, a think tank, seeks to define and promote American interests in the Middle East. It defines U.S. interests to include fighting radical Islam, whether terroristic or lawful; working for Palestinian acceptance of Israel; improving the management of U.S. democracy efforts; reducing energy dependence on the Middle East; more robustly asserting U.S. interests vis-à-vis Saudi Arabia; and countering the Iranian threat. The Forum also works to improve Middle East studies in North America.

ISIS is a non-profit, non-partisan institution dedicated to informing the public about science and policy issues affecting international security. Its efforts focus on stopping the spread of nuclear weapons, bringing about greater transparency of nuclear activities worldwide, and achieving deep reductions in nuclear arsenals. ISIS's projects integrate technical, scientific, and policy research in order to build a sound foundation for a wide variety of efforts to reduce the threat posed by nuclear weapons to U.S. and international security

The Foundation for the Defense of Democracies (FDD) is the only nonpartisan policy institute dedicated exclusively to promoting pluralism, defending democratic values, and fighting the ideologies that drive terrorism. FDD was founded shortly after 9/11 by a group of visionary philanthropists and policymakers to engage in the worldwide war of ideas and to support the defense of democratic societies under assault by terrorism and Militant Islamism.

FDD uniquely combines policy research, democracy training, strategic communications, and investigative journalism. We focus our efforts where opinions are formed and, ultimately, where the war of ideas will be won or lost: in the media, on college campuses, and in the policy community, at home and abroad.

The Federation of American Scientists (FAS) was formed in 1945 by atomic scientists from the Manhattan Project who felt that scientists, engineers and other innovators had an ethical obligation to bring their knowledge and experience to bear on critical national decisions, especially pertaining to the technology they unleashed - the Atomic Bomb. Endorsed by 67 Nobel Laureates in chemistry, economics, medicine and physics, FAS addresses a broad spectrum of issues in carrying out its mission to promote humanitarian uses of science and technology. FAS members build on an honorable history of insisting that rational, evidence-based arguments be heard.

Today, FAS continues its exemplary 60-year record of achieving meaningful results in strategic security with research and education projects in nuclear arms control and global security; conventional arms transfers; proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; information technology for human health; and government information policy. In recent years, the mission of FAS has expanded to include our country’s critical challenges in housing, energy and education.

Columbia International Affairs Online (CIAO) is the most comprehensive source for theory and research in international affairs. It publishes a wide range of scholarship from 1991 onward that includes working papers from university research institutes, occasional papers series from NGOs, foundation-funded research projects, proceedings from conferences, books, journals and policy briefs.

CIAO is also widely-recognized source for teaching materials including original case studies written by leading international affairs experts, course packs of background readings for history and political science classes, and special features like the analysis of a bin Laden recruitment tape with video.

The Centre for Military and Strategic Studies (CMSS) is a unique and prosperous entity at the University of Calgary. Calgary is an internationally renowned city with an understanding and appreciation for Canada’s international ties, growth in business and world affairs. Calgary is the land of opportunity; the business community includes divisions of Raytheon and General Dynamics, both highly involved in defence contracts in Canada and abroad, and has recently embraced the Imperial Oil head office. Additionally, Calgary is home to the largest naval museum and the second largest military museum in Canada. Every year, Calgary expands to include additional international business and talent to its private and public sectors.

Local police departments are on the frontline of combating terrorism and deserve the best possible thinking available. The Center for Policing Terrorism (CPT) helps police departments combat terrorism using a global network of the finest counter terrorism minds. CPT partners with police departments for the purpose of turning this intellect into practical products, advice, and services.

The Center for Nonproliferation Studies (CNS) strives to combat the spread of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) by training the next generation of nonproliferation specialists and disseminating timely information and analysis. CNS at the Monterey Institute of International Studies is the largest nongovernmental organization in the United States devoted exclusively to research and training on nonproliferation issues.

The Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT) is a 501 (c) (3) non-profit public policy organization dedicated to promoting the democratic potential of today's open, decentralized global Internet. Our mission is to conceptualize, develop, and implement public policies to preserve and enhance free expression, privacy, open access, and other democratic values in the new and increasingly integrated communications medium.

CDT pursues its mission through research and public policy development in a consensus-building process based on convening and operating broad-based working groups composed of public interest and commercial representatives of divergent views to explore solutions to critical policy issues. In addition, CDT promotes its own policy positions in the United States and globally through public policy advocacy, online grassroots organizing with the Internet user community and public education campaigns, and litigation, as well as through the development of technology standards and online information resources.

The Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) explores the Middle East through the region's media. MEMRI bridges the language gap which exists between the West and the Middle East, providing timely translations of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish media, as well as original analysis of political, ideological, intellectual, social, cultural, and religious trends in the Middle East.

Founded in February 1998 to inform the debate over U.S. policy in the Middle East, MEMRI is an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit, 501 (c)3 organization. MEMRI's headquarters is located in Washington, DC with branch offices in Berlin, London, Tokyo and Jerusalem. MEMRI research is translated to English, German, Hebrew, Italian, French, Spanish and Japanese.

WPI, located at the New School, is a public policy center engaged in research and public education on critical world problems in America and internationally. It seeks to offer innovative proposals for public debate to improve the capacity of business leaders, civic leaders and public officials in the United States and the world community to respond creatively to the management of a global market economy, the construction of a workable system of collective security, and the enhancement of civil society. The institute focuses broadly on the preservation of democratic values; the protection of civil rights; the advancement of tolerance, fairness and the rule of law; and the support of capitalism tempered by social justice.

The Foundation analyzes the cause of ethnic, religious, and other intercommunal conflict, and seeks to identify practical ways to prevent and limit such conflict. It is concerned with the vulnerability of weak states, with good governance and improving leadership, with methods of moderating the Israeli/Palestinian conflict, with peace building and peace enforcement capabilities in Africa, and with the role of truth commissions in conflict prevention and conflict resolution

WWICS was established by Congress as a living memorial to former President Woodrow Wilson. As an institution devoted to the promotion of scholarship in public affairs, WWICS brings together the thinkers and the doers, the scholars and the policymakers, in the hope that from their dialogue better understanding and better policies will emerge. Bridging the gap between the world of ideas and the world of policy, WWICS brings participants from these two worlds into creative contact, enabling them to learn from and enrich one another. The center hosts more than 350 meetings annually, providing a unique public venue for the exchange of ideas, and supports research in the social sciences and humanities, with an emphasis on history, political science, and international relations. WWICS offers residential fellowships that enable academics, public officials, journalists, business professionals, and others to pursue their research. The center's professional staff oversee specialized programs, including conferences, seminars, and other activities that promote dialogue and the advancement of knowledge.

The Weidenbaum Center supports scholarly research, public affairs programs, and other activities in the fields of economics, government, and public policy. The center works closely with the Department of Economics, the Department of Political Science, and other academic units of the Washington University and serves as a bridge between scholarship and policymakers. The Weidenbaum Center supports research conducted by university faculty, sponsors scholarly workshops, and maintains a website to support these activities. Public affairs programs sponsored by the Weidenbaum Center Forum are usually recorded and made available online.

WEAI is the center for Asia-Pacific activities at Columbia University. With programs spanning China, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Tibet, Korea, and the countries of Southeast Asia, its mission is to train new generations of Asian experts in the humanities, social sciences, and in professional careers as well as enhance the understanding of East Asia in the wider community. Through its research projects, conferences, and seminars, WEAI creates an international forum to address critical issues facing the Asia-Pacific region today. The goal of the institute now is to prepare for the challenges facing Asia in the 21st century.

Institute is a public educational foundation dedicated to scholarly research and informed debate on US interests in the Middle East. Through a comprehensive program of research, seminars, conferences, publications, and study tours to the Middle East, the Institute provides policymakers, diplomats, and journalists with fresh thinking and new ideas to promote peace, security, and stability in one of the world's most volatile regions.

VIPPS operates through nine centers named for their major research interests: Child and Family Policy, Crime and Justice Policy, Environmental Management, Evaluation Research and Methodology, Health Policy, Crime and Justice Policy, Mental Health Policy, Psychotherapy Research and Policy, State and Local Policy, and US-Japan Studies and Cooperation. Each center is led by a member of the faculty and has associated with it other faculty fellows and senior fellows, research associates and assistants, and support staff. VIPPS faculty are truly interdisciplinary, representing psychology, sociology, political science, medicine, law, engineering, education and economics. A small central staff directs and coordinates outreach, fundraising and administration. To complement its research mission, the institute works to build bridges between the policy research and policy action communities. These efforts include issues workshops for the metropolitan Nashville city council and for freshman Tennessee state legislators, general interest seminars on topics related to its research program, and conferences on topics as diverse as the transfer of technology between military and civilian uses and the international climate for the protection of intellectual property rights.

CPRI, established by a small group of Chinese scholars, researchers, scientists, economists, and engineers with Japan study/work experience in Japan and residing mainly in Silicon Valley, focuses on comparative social, economical, political, and technological policy issues concerning the U.S.-Japan-China axis. The institute received USIRS 501(c)(3) NPO status in 2002. USA, Japan, and China together represent nearly half of the world's output and are becoming ever more strategically interdependent. Each of these powers is increasingly sensitive to changes in the others' capabilities and policies. Facing the continuous challenges from today's fast-paced world, it is necessary to have a multilingual and interdisciplinary background to understand the global significance of contemporary developments in the Asia-Pacific region.

USIP's mandate is to support the development, transmission, and use of knowledge to promote peace and curb violent international conflict through the widest possible range of education and training, basic and applied research opportunities, and peace information services. USIP carries out its broad congressional mandate through six interconnected, mutually reinforcing activities: (1) expanding society's knowledge about the changing nature and conduct of international relations and the management of international conflicts; (2) supporting policymakers in the legislative and executive branches; (3) facilitating the resolution of international disputes; (4) training international affairs professionals from the United States and abroad in conflict prevention, management, and resolution techniques; (5) strengthening the education of emerging generations of young people in the United States and foreign zones of conflict; and (6) increasing public understanding about the nature of international conflicts as well as approaches to their prevention, management, and resolution.

SSI is the US Army's premier institute for global and national strategic security research and analysis, covering both national security policy and military strategy. SSI's primary function is to provide direct analysis for Army and Department of Defense leadership and serve as a bridge to the wider strategic community. Also, SSI is the focal point for research at the Army War College, providing research and expertise in curriculum development and assisting other members of the faculty in research projects. The institute links the Army to the American and international strategic communities and is the only research organization in the United States that focuses on the strategic role of land power. SSI gathers wisdom from the wider strategic community for Army senior leaders and explains the role of the Army and land power to both the strategic community and national decision-makers through rigorous, independent analysis.

SCERP, affiliated with five US and five Mexican universities, assists US-Mexico border peoples and their environments by applying research information, insights, and innovations. SCERP was created to initiate a comprehensive analysis of possible solutions to acute air, water, and hazardous waste problems that plague the US-Mexico border region. A consortium of 10 US and Mexican universities works closely with the Border 2012 Program and other organizations and has the multifold mission of applied research on the environment, outreach, education, policy development, and regional capacity-building for the communities-the ultimate customers. SCERP exists to address the rapidly deteriorating border environment, protect and enhance the quality of life of border residents, and support the educational mission of member universities. Its vision is of a vital region with a dynamic and diverse economy, sustainable environmental quality, intact ecological systems, and a more equitable quality of life. The center's approach is to integrate and focus multidisciplinary academic expertise; binational, state, tribal, and local policy-making; NGO advocacy capacity; and private industry attention and influence on transborder issues.

SCIS continues to serve as a catalyst for enhancing global awareness and understanding as a nonpartisan educational institution. The center accomplishes its mission in today's increasingly complex world through a unique and wide range of programs, publications, and services for educational institutions, businesses, government, and the public. Since its inception, SCIS has played a role in developing the international infrastructure that exists today in the southeastern United States. Through its annual conference series, educational materials, workshops, and other programs, SCIS promotes global awareness and understanding by placing important international issues on the national public agenda. The center serves as a valuable resource for state, county, and city governments, chambers of commerce, and other business and professional groups. Foreign visitors, diplomats, and international delegations who visit SCIS are provided with contacts and information on the national, local, political, economic, and social environment. In addition, the center works closely with educational institutions and civic organizations throughout the United States.

SSRC comprises social and behavioral scientists and humanists from all over the world. Throughout its history, the council has established intellectual bridges between academies, foundations, the disciplines, government, and the public. SSRC advances the quality and effectiveness of research in the social sciences and encourages scholars in different disciplines-including those that are adjuncts to the social sciences in the humanities and in the biological and natural sciences-to work together on topical, conceptual, and methodological issues that can benefit from interdisciplinary and international collaboration. Also, SSRC links researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in exploring new intellectual paths and testing theories and methods against challenges of national and international concern. The council's work is carried out through workshops and conferences, research consortia, summer training institutes, scholarly exchanges, fellowships and grants, and publications. SSRC usually supports two to three dozen programs directed by a small professional staff, organizing groups of volunteer scholars and researchers into steering committees, research networks, screening panels, and working groups. Members are drawn from universities, research institutions, and NGOs from around the world.

RSF is an American foundation devoted exclusively to research in the social sciences. It is a research center, a funding source for studies by scholars at other academic and research institutions, and an active member of the nation's social science community. The foundation also publishes, under its own imprint, the books that derive from the work of its grantees and visiting scholars. One of the oldest private foundations in the United States, RSF was established by Mrs. Margaret Olivia Sage in 1907 for `the improvement of social and living conditions in the United States.' In its early years the foundation undertook major projects in low-income housing, urban planning, social work and labor reform. It now dedicates itself exclusively to strengthening the methods, data and theoretical core of the social sciences as a means of improving social policies.

The institute is a nonprofit band of scholars dedicated to the preservation and expansion of Western Christian culture through the scholarly defense and promotion of the cultural principles and personal virtues without which Christian civilization cannot survive. Its focus on the cultural institutions that comprise the whole of American life (the church, the family, education, literature, poetry and film) separates it from the countless public policy groups attempting in vain to reform a decaying society simply by passing legislation. It is run efficiently, with a small staff, a modest physical plant and a location far from the swollen rents and skyrocketing salaries of Washington and New York. The institute can fairly claim prescience and influence in American political and cultural life, and a proven track record in disseminating sophisticated ideas and arguments to both influential and popular audiences. Its chief activities include the publication of a monthly magazine, Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture. The institute also operates educational conferences throughout the world, an annual summer school, a Web site, an audiotape lecture series and a campus speakers bureau.

RFF was founded by the Ford Foundation to meet an ongoing national need for impartial, independent research and policy analysis on issues related to natural resources and the environment. Over the years, RFF researchers have produced pioneering work on natural resource markets and scarcity, pollution damage and nonmarket valuation, the design of incentive-based policies, risk management, and sustainable development. RFF is nonpartisan and nonpolitical, and as many of the research staff are economists, there is a strong concern that public resources be spent wisely and that policy goals be achieved cost-effectively, with reliance on economic incentives where feasible. Researchers also have considerable interests in issues of fairness that arise from the distributional effects of policies and issues related to the functioning of the policy process itself.

RRI, affiliated with the West Virginia University, aims at the advancement of regional science-an interdisciplinary field at the intersection of geography, economics, and planning. RRI's research focuses on the theory and history of regional development, methods for studying regions, and policies for stimulating their development. The institute seeks to advance the understanding of socio-economic processes and the ability to explain regional differences in rates of growth and levels of development. RRI's activities are both national and international in scope, and its areas of interest cover the entire world, with a special focus on the Appalachian region.

PNAC is dedicated to the following fundamental propositions: that (1) American leadership is good both for America and for the world; (2) such leadership requires military strength, diplomatic energy, and commitment to moral principles; and (3) too few political leaders today seem to be making the case for global leadership. PNAC intends, through issue briefs, research papers, advocacy journalism, conferences, and seminars, to explain what American world leadership entails. The project also strives to rally support for a vigorous and principled policy of American international involvement and to stimulate public debate on foreign and defense policy and America's role in the world.

The Council is an international organization that seeks to improve the well-being and reproductive health of current and future generations and to help achieve a humane, equitable, and sustainable balance between people and resources. The Council conducts biomedical, social science, and public health research and works to strengthen local resources in developing countries. The Council is governed by an international board of trustees, and its headquarters supports a global network of regional and country offices.

The center is an international nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization that studies broad public policy issues related to governance, and social and economic conditions, with a particular emphasis on the law and economics of regulated industries. Its mission is to increase the analytical rigor of public policy decision making by providing stakeholders with high-quality, objective, independent and nonpartisan academic and scholarly analysis concerning the complex legal, economic and societal public policy issues of the day. The Phoenix Center seeks to maximize consumer welfare by promoting free markets, competition and individual freedom and liberty. The center publishes a Public Policy Paper series and sponsors conferences, lectures and symposiums. In addition, its Web page contains one of the largest sources of free research material on the Internet and receives an average of over 30,000 hits a month from people around the globe. Phoenix Center staffers are often asked to speak before, and counsel, various governments regarding issues falling under the center's ken.

The organization was formed to open to scrutiny the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which oversees regulation, the budget, information collection and dissemination, proposed legislation, testimony by agencies, and so forth. The organization is a nonprofit research and advocacy organization dedicated to promoting government accountability and citizen participation in public policy decision-making. The organization's focus is on five main areas: (1) budget and government performance issues; (2) regulatory and government accountability; (3) information for democracy and community; (4) nonprofit advocacy and other cross-cutting nonprofit issues; and (5) nonprofit policy and technology. The organization researches and publishes reports and analyses in each of these areas, issues two news periodicals, and manages a range of e-mail list services covering all our issue areas.

The Institute is a nonpartisan research organization dedicated to economic vitality, environmental quality, and regional equity for Northeast and Midwest states. The Institute fulfills its mission by conducting research and analysis, developing and advancing innovative policies, providing an evaluation of key federal programs, disseminating information, and highlighting sound economic and environmental technologies and policies. The Institute is unique among policy centers because of its ties to Congress through bipartisan Northeast-Midwest Congressional and Senate Coalitions that advance federal policies to enhance the region's economy and environment.

The Center, founded by former US President Richard Nixon shortly before his death, is a nonpartisan public policy institution committed to analyzing challenges to American foreign policy from a realist perspective. The Center has six main programs: Chinese studies, immigration and national security, international security and energy, national security studies, regional strategy (Middle East, Caspian Basin, and South Asia), and US-Russia relations. In addition to conducting research into contemporary foreign policy issues, Center program directors organize an array of conferences, briefings, seminars, lectures, and other events designed to advance US foreign policy debates on crucial political, economic, and security issues.

The Foundation's aim is to bring exceptionally promising new voices and new ideas to the fore of the nation's public discourse. Relying on a venture capital approach, the Foundation invests in outstanding individuals and policy ideas that transcend the conventional political spectrum. Through its Fellowship Section and strategic initiatives, the Foundation sponsors a wide range of research, publishes writings, and organizes conferences and events focusing on the most important issues of the time. The Foundation was conceived and established through the collaborative work of a diverse and intergenerational group of public intellectuals, civic leaders, and business executives.

NCPA is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, nonpartisan, public policy organization that supports free enterprise, low taxes, limited government and a strong national defense. Its mission is to seek innovative private sector solutions to public policy problems. The center's research and publications help educate policy makers, the media and the general public, and its ideas are helping shape the public policy debate for the 21st century. Headquartered in Dallas, NCPA also has a Washington, DC, office that arranges Capitol Hill briefings, conferences and congressional testimony by NCPA experts. This allows the center to serve as a source for `outside the Beltway' thinking for Capitol Hill deliberations

MMMF promotes understanding and cooperation among the nations and peoples of Asia and the United States. Maureen and Mike Mansfield's values, ideals, and vision for US-Asia relations continue through exchanges, dialogues, and publications, which create networks among US and Asian leaders; explore the underlying issues influencing public policies; and increase awareness about the nations and peoples of Asia. MMMF receives support from individuals, corporations, and philanthropic organizations and provides support to the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Center at the University of Montana.

MCPA, the public policy center of the Maureen and Mike Mansfield Foundation, is committed to promoting understanding and cooperation between the United States and Asia. In honor of the lifelong interest in Asia of the late Ambassador Mansfield and his wife Maureen, the center seeks to span distances and differences among policy makers, government officials, scholars and the public. Focusing on new voices and audiences, its programs inform, explore the underlying issues that influence policies, and facilitate dialogue among Asians and Americans to enhance policy formation. With offices in Washington, DC; Missoula, Montana; and Tokyo, the center provides a forum for Asians and Americans to address issues of local, national and international concern.

The Institute, at the University of Notre Dame, is dedicated to understanding the causes of violent conflict and identifying and promoting the conditions for sustainable peace. The Institute engages itself in research, graduate and undergraduate education, policy studies, and services to local, national, and international communities. It specializes in the religious and ethnic dimensions of deadly conflict and peace-building; the ethics of the use of force; and the peacemaking role of international norms, policies, and institutions, including a focus on economic sanctions and the enforcement of human rights. This research and policy orientation informs the Institute's education and training of professional peacemakers, who are active in a variety of settings globally.

ICEED seeks to extend balanced information on energy and energy-related topics, specifically that concerning domestic and international economic growth and development, the environment, and related policies. ICEED's activities involve publications, annual international conferences, and research support. ICEED's research has two goals: (1) to offer firsthand experience to individuals in research and (2) to publish and distribute its findings. The first aspect is clearly of benefit to such institutions as US and foreign universities; the second facet has been valuable to industry and government both in the United States and abroad.

IFPRI's mission is to identify and analyze policies for meeting the food needs of the developing world in a truly sustainable manner. Research at IFPRI concentrates on economic growth and poverty alleviation in low-income countries, improvement in the well-being of poor people, and the sound management of the natural resource base that supports agriculture. IFPRI seeks to make its research results available to all those in a position to use them and to strengthen institutions in developing countries that conduct research relevant to its mandate. Although IFPRI holds the intellectual property rights to its research output, it views final research output in published and unpublished form as "international public goods." As such, it uses the most appropriate mechanisms to make the results freely available to all.

IAD was founded as an ad-hoc conference under the auspices of the Aspen Institute, with the goal of bringing together leading citizens to set a new inter-American agenda, in response to the breakdown in inter-American communications and to the inaccessibility of US leaders to democratically oriented Latin Americans. It became a fully independent institution in 1993, having expanded and diversified its activities to include-beyond plenaries and policy reports - smaller conferences, working groups, congressional seminars, forums for visiting Latin Americans, and individually authored articles and policy memoranda. In 1996, IAD embarked on a new phase with the launch of the Sol M. Linowitz Forum. Its goals were to become more inter-American, to ensure effective communication with leaders across a broad spectrum of activities, and to further strengthen its committed and diverse membership. IAD research is focused in four areas: democratic governance, multilateral governance, trade and economics, and social policy. The program on democratic governance is concerned with advancing democratic institutions and practice, and promoting human rights and the rule of law. Through its task force on multilateral governance, IAD explores ways to strengthen inter-American organizations and arrangements to better manage integration in the hemisphere. Work concerning trade and economics emphasizes the management of strategic economic issues in inter-American relations, particularly with regard to the creation of a hemispheric free trade system and improvement of economic performance. Social policy work focuses on how nations can reinvigorate public institutions and services and accelerate progress in the region; its centerpiece is the Partnership for Educational Revitalization in the Americas (PREAL).

IIE is a private, and nonpartisan research institution devoted to the study of international economic policy. IIE has provided timely objective analysis and concrete solutions to key international economic problems since 1981. IIE attempts to anticipate emerging issues and be ready with practical ideas to inform and shape public debate. Its audience includes government officials and legislators, business and labor leaders, management and staff at international organizations, university-based scholars and their students, other research institutions and NGOs, the media, and the public at large. IIE's staff of approximately 50 includes more than two dozen researchers who are conducting about 30 studies at any given time. Its agenda emphasizes global macroeconomic topics, international currency and finance, trade and related social issues, investment, and the international implications of new technologies. Current priority is attached to the effects of globalization and the backlash against it, the impact of China and other large emerging markets on the world economy, reform of the international financial architecture, and new trade negotiations at both multilateral and regional levels.

The institute is a nonpoliticized, nonpartisan, scholarly public policy research organization that sponsors comprehensive studies of critical social and economic issues. In order to understand the nature of and possible solutions to major public problems, the institute's program adheres to the standards of independent inquiry and is pursued regardless of political and social bias. The resulting studies are widely distributed as books and other publications and are debated in numerous institute conferences and media programs. The institute pushes at the frontiers of knowledge, redefines the debate over public issues, and fosters new and effective directions for government reform.

The Center is a policy institute dedicated to enhancing international peace and security through rigorous, nonpartisan analysis, and results-oriented outreach. Initially focused on arms control, the Center's research agenda has expanded to include a broad range of critical security issues. Reducing the dangers from nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons remains an enduring commitment, and the Center's research focuses on strengthening the institutions that play significant roles in international peace and security, from the UN to the State Department and the armed forces. The Center also works actively with Congress through the Center's Security for a New Century seminar series. The Center draws inspiration from the life and work of Henry L. Stimson, who believed strongly in "pragmatic idealism," the notion that progress toward peace is only possible through practical steps and strong US engagement in the world.

The Institute is the University of Notre Dame's center for comparative social science research on major themes in world affairs and brings together faculty and visiting scholars from around the globe, experienced policy practitioners, and graduate and undergraduate students. The Institute addresses scholarly concerns from a normative agenda inspired by Catholic social teaching. Building on a core interest in Latin America, the Institute fosters research concerning countries around the world, particularly those with developing or emerging economies, and supplements research pursuits with events celebrating cultural life. The Institute organizes frequent conferences and seminars that gather diverse viewpoints on the topics they address. Alongside its mission to enhance teaching through research and disseminate findings widely through publications, the Institute frequently collaborates with other units on campus to improve international outreach and access among scholars and students alike.

ESI is an activist think tank whose objective is to change American attitudes and policies in regard to competitiveness. It was founded out of the deep concern of key US industry and labor leaders, over the erosion of America's economic leadership, and with the hostility of media and academic commentators toward efforts to halt the slide. At the urging of-and with the major support of -industry leaders, Clyde Prestowitz set out to create an institute to define a new economic agenda by challenging old assumptions and developing an integrated, macro/microeconomic strategy to realize the full potential of America's rich material and human resources. Key to the institute's agenda are trade, competitiveness and economic policy issues that affect the nation's overall economic performance, the creation of good jobs and the welfare of individual industries. ESI believes that the foundation of any successful economic strategy is a sound macroeconomic policy and that it is also imperative to carefully consider the impact of microeconomic policies on the national economic structure. This includes trade negotiation priorities, government research and development spending, approaches to environmental and workplace regulations, the de facto biases of the tax code, and the decisions of regulatory bodies, in addition to a host of other sectoral policies. The institute's objective is to develop long-term targets for economic performance and a complementary set of macro and micro guidelines that will achieve this goal.

EPI aims to broaden the discussion about economic policy to include the interests of low- and middle-income workers. Today, with global competition expanding, wage inequality rising, and the methods and nature of work changing in fundamental ways, it is as crucial as ever that people who work for a living have a voice in the economic debate. EPI's mission is to provide high-quality research and education in order to promote a prosperous, fair, and sustainable economy. The institute stresses real world analysis and a concern for the living standards of working people, and it makes its findings accessible to the public, the media, and policymakers. EPI's staff and its network of researchers share a commitment to the free exchange of ideas, a willingness to challenge conventional thinking, and the desire to communicate to diverse audiences. EPI works to strengthen democracy by providing people with the tools to participate in the public discussion on the economy, believing that such participation will result in economic policies that better reflect the public interest.

EWC is an education and research organization established by the US Congress to strengthen understanding and relations between the United States and countries of the Asia-Pacific region. EWC contributes to a peaceful, prosperous, and just Asia Pacific community by serving as a vigorous hub for cooperative research, educaiton and dialogue on critical issues of common concern to the Asia Pacific region and the United States. Professionals and students from the United States, Asia, and the Pacific study and work together at the center to better understand issues of common and critical concern and explore mutually beneficial ways of addressing them. As a public, nonprofit corporation, EWC receives core funding for its programs from a US government appropriation. Additional support is provided by private agencies, individuals, corporations, and several Asian and Pacific governments.

The Institute, as an environmental research organization, is dedicated to building an environmentally sustainable eco-economy. Current environmental research often deals with certain aspects of the requirements for a sustainable future but fails to provide a model or an overall plan. The Institute disseminates its vision of an eco-economy via its publications, including Eco-Economy: Building an Economy for the Earth, and through Eco-Economy Updates, four-page briefs that are designed for use by the media and busy policymakers and which can be easily distributed on the Internet. All the information published by the Institute is available online, and Eco-Economy Updates are available by e-mail.

The Institute is a public policy think tank whose mission is to realize a positive vision of the future. The Institute's perspective includes a belief in God-given reason and the permanence of human nature; the principles of representative democracy and public service expounded by the American founders; free market economics, both domestic and international; the social requirement to balance personal liberty with responsibility; the spirit of voluntarism crucial to civil society; the continuing validity of American international leadership; and the potential of science and technology to promote an improved future for individuals, families, and communities. Some three dozen institute fellows submit their analyses and proposals for dialogue through seminars, conferences, and debates. The Institute's ideas are disseminated through reports, articles, books, congressional testimony, films, and a website. The Institute selects research and advocacy projects that are in harmony with its mission and whereby it can make an original and significant contribution.

The Institute is a research center that undertakes critical studies concerning international security, inequality and poverty, and the environment. Currently, the Institute's three main projects are the Project on Defense Alternatives (PDA), which seeks to adapt security policy to the challenges and opportunities of the post-Cold War era by promoting the broadest range of defense options; the Project on Inequality and Poverty (PIP), which focuses on research and writing on social dynamics involving race and poverty in the United States; and the Massachusetts Climate Action Network (MCAN), a statewide coordinating body for local groups working to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and thereby protecting the global climate.

CED is a nonpartisan organization of business and education leaders dedicated to policy research on the major economic and social issues of our time and to the implementation of its recommendations by the public and private sectors. The committee prides itself on being: common ground for some of the best minds in business and academia-from the United States and throughout the world; an organization to which government, policy and media leaders turn for reliable, nonpartisan policy guidance; a catalyst for community action; a respected business voice on national and international issues; and a resource for the business community's own policy-oriented activities.

CPPCI embodies the University of Denver's commitment to the study and discussion of new ideas about American society's most critical issues. Under the leadership of Richard D. Lamm, executive director and former three-term Colorado governor, and Richard A. Caldwell, managing director, the center has maintained an active program of conferences, seminars, forums and publications. A division of the Institute for Public Policy Studies at the university, CPPCI targets its programs at influential policy makers nationwide, as well as at on-campus participants.

CNP is a public policy organization governed by a board of directors representing the business, labor, foundation, and nonprofit worlds. Members of staff work with outside specialists and other organizations to conduct research on issues of critical national interest. Using a network of formal and informal relationships, CNP identifies, assesses, and promotes ideas that show promise. The resulting information and recommendations are disseminated widely. Effective components of the CNP program include:

(1) direct access to policymakers, experts, interest group representatives, and the media;
(2) extensive use of public opinion research to identify areas of public consensus;
(3) careful attention to organizing and presenting key data for maximum impact and understanding; and
(4) a commitment to engage a broad range of views in the process of deliberating in the public interest.

CDI was founded by retired senior military officers to serve as an independent monitor of the military and has developed special expertise on all matters relating to the US military, foreign policy, military spending, and weapons. CDI is dedicated to strengthening security through international cooperation, reduced reliance on unilateral military power to resolve conflicts, reduced reliance on nuclear weapons, a transformed and reformed military establishment, and prudent oversight of and spending on defense programs. Through a variety of publications and services, CDI seeks to contribute alternative views on security to promote wide-ranging discourse and debate. The center educates the public and informs policymakers about issues of security policy, strategy, operations, weapon systems, and defense budgeting and pursues creative solutions to the problems of today and tomorrow. CDI aims to improve understanding between the United States and key nations on security matters through new media initiatives that inform and educate opinion-makers, policymakers, and the general public.

BRIE is an interdisciplinary research project that focuses on the interactions of international economic competition and the development and application of advanced technologies. Founded by a group of faculty at the University of California, Berkeley, the roundtable became one of the earliest intellectual voices debating government policy and business strategy in America. BRIE's research concentrates on the different ways industrialized economies create competitive advantage and how these differences affect international economic and political relations. The roundtable simultaneously seeks to understand how America can sustain its own economic development and maintain leadership. Bringing together UC faculty, business leaders and scholars from around the world, BRIE continues to develop new approaches to understanding the rapidly changing global economy.

The Foundation's goal is to bring freedom to the world by encouraging independent public policy research by think tanks. Atlas serves the international think tank movement by helping organizations in their early stages, so they learn from the successes and failures of earlier think tanks. Atlas is supported entirely by donations from individuals, philanthropic foundations, and corporations. In this way, Atlas assists local, independent think tanks to be more effective in contributing to public policy debates and advancing the understanding of the principles of a free society. Atlas does not publish its own policy research but acts as an information hub and resource for institutes around the world. By helping think tanks to become credible sources of public policy research, the Foundation seeks to improve the quality of debate in countries throughout the world.

ACUS promotes constructive US leadership and engagement in international affairs based on the central role of the Atlantic community in meeting the international challenges of the 21st century. The council comprises a nonpartisan network of leaders who aim to bring ideas to power and to give power to ideas. This is achieved by (1) stimulating dialogue and discussion about critical international issues with a view to enriching public debate and promoting consensus on appropriate responses in the Administration, Congress, the corporate and nonprofit sectors, and the US media and among leaders in Europe, Asia, and the Americas; and (2) conducting educational and exchange programs for successor generations of US leaders so that they will come to value US international engagement and have the knowledge and understanding necessary to develop effective policies.

AFPC is dedicated to bringing information to those who make or influence the foreign policy of the United States and assisting world leaders, particularly in the FSU, in building democracies and market economies. AFPC is widely recognized as a source of timely, insightful analysis on issues of foreign policy and works closely with members of Congress, the Executive Branch, and the policy-making community.

The Worldwatch Institute is an independent research organization that works for an environmentally sustainable and socially just society, in which the needs of all people are met without threatening the health of the natural environment or the well-being of future generations.

By providing compelling, accessible, and fact-based analysis of critical global issues, Worldwatch informs people around the world about the complex interactions between people, nature, and economies. Worldwatch focuses on the underlying causes of and practical solutions to the world's problems, in order to inspire people to demand new policies, investment patterns and lifestyle choices.

The World Resources Institute's mission is to move human society to live in ways that protect Earth's environment and its capacity to provide for the needs and aspirations of current and future generations. Because people are inspired by ideas, empowered by knowledge, and moved to change by greater understanding, WRI provides -- and helps other institutions provide -- objective information and practical proposals for policy and institutional change that will foster environmentally sound, socially equitable development.

In the mid-1960s, President Johnson saw the need for independent nonpartisan analysis of the problems facing America's cities and their residents. The President created a blue-ribbon commission of civic leaders who recommended chartering a center to do that work. In 1968, the Urban Institute became that center.

Today, we analyze policies, evaluate programs, and inform community development to improve social, civic, and economic well-being. We work in all 50 states and abroad in over 28 countries, and we share our research findings with policymakers, program administrators, business, academics, and the public online and through reports and scholarly books.

Our Commitments

- Use rigorous, state-of-the-art methods to analyze public policies and programs.
- Bring sound objective evidence to public policy decisions.
- Deepen public understanding of policy issues.
- Save government and communities time and money through research on effective and efficient programs.
- Work to make our Washington, D.C., metropolitan area a stronger community.

The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis.

For nearly 60 years, decisionmakers in the public and private sectors have turned to the RAND Corporation for objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the nation and the world. These challenges include such critical social and economic issues as education, poverty, crime, and the environment, as well as a range of national security issues.

This web site is designed to inform anyone interested in U.S. foreign affairs regarding the important role public diplomacy has played, and is playing, in supporting U.S. foreign policy and in safeguarding and advancing U.S. interests.

Hudson Institute is a non-partisan policy research organization dedicated to innovative research and analysis that promotes global security, prosperity, and freedom. We challenge conventional thinking and help manage strategic transitions to the future through interdisciplinary and collaborative studies in defense, international relations, economics, culture, science, technology, and law. Through publications, conferences and policy recommendations, we seek to guide global leaders in government and business.

The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University, is a public policy research center devoted to advanced study of politics, economics, and political economy—both domestic and foreign—as well as international affairs. With its world-renowned group of scholars and ongoing programs of policy-oriented research, the Hoover Institution puts its accumulated knowledge to work as a prominent contributor to the world marketplace of ideas defining a free society.

The Foreign Policy Institute, (FPI), an integral part of The Johns Hopkins University Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), was established in 1980 to unite the worlds of scholarship and public affairs in the search for realistic answers to international issues facing the United States and the world. Since that time, FPI has continued to fulfill its mission by sponsoring study groups and individuals from the fields of diplomacy, business, journalism, politics, academia, and government, who write, teach, and conduct programs for SAIS students and faculty as well as conduct outreach events for the greater academic and policy communities.

Demos: A Network for Ideas & Action is a non-partisan public policy research and advocacy organization committed to building an America that achieves its highest democratic ideals. We believe this requires a democracy that is robust and inclusive, with high levels of electoral participation and civic engagement; an economy where prosperity and opportunity are broadly shared and disparity is reduced; and a strong and effective public sector with the capacity to plan for the future and provide for the common good. Founded in 2000, Demos work combines research with advocacy- melding the commitment to ideas of a think tank with the organizing strategies of an advocacy group.

The Constitution Project seeks consensus solutions to difficult legal and constitutional issues. It does this through constructive dialogue across ideological and partisan lines, and through scholarship, activism, and public education efforts.

The Constitution Project has earned wide-ranging respect for its expertise and reports, including practical material designed to make constitutional issues a part of ordinary political debate. The media, government officials, and interested organizations frequently call on us for information, interviews, and speaking engagements. We have testified before federal and state legislative committees, and our work has been cited in numerous reports and studies by government agencies, the media, and law and policy organizations. In addition, our blue-ribbon committee members frequently write opinion pieces and are often quoted in news articles.

In 2003, the Center of International Studies (CIS) (formerly a research program within the Woodrow Wilson School) and the University's Council on Regional Studies were merged, combining their strengths and activities to form a new institute, the Princeton Institute for International and Regional Studies (PIIRS). PIIRS, co-created by the University and the Woodrow Wilson School, promotes collaborative, interdisciplinary scholarship and teaching on issues of global importance and aims to integrate international and regional studies at the University into informed and coherent perspectives on global affairs. In the larger academic arena, PIIRS works to establish leadership in research on international and regional issues, creating links with leading universities worldwide to promote exchanges in these vital areas among faculty and students internationally.

The Baker Institute is strictly non-partisan and dedicated to the highest standards of intellectual excellence and integrity with the goal of helping bridge the gap between the theory and practice of public policy by drawing together experts from academia, government, the media, business, and non-governmental organizations. By so doing, the institute will broaden the professional perspective and personal understanding of all those involved in the study, formulation, execution, and criticism of public policy.

The foundation is a research and educational institute-a think tank -whose mission is to formulate and promote conservative public policies based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values and a strong national defense. It pursues this mission by performing timely, accurate research on key policy issues and marketing these findings effectively to its primary audiences: members of Congress, key congressional staff members, policy makers in the executive branch, the nation's news media, and the academic and policy communities. The foundation's products include publications, articles, lectures, conferences and meetings.

FPRI was founded as part of the University of Pennsylvania to provide long-term thinking to US officials about the Cold War, then the principal focus. It became independent in 1970, and since the end of the Cold War has focused on ways to promote a peaceful order conducive to democracy and free markets at home and abroad.

CFR is a nonpartisan membership organization, research center and publisher. It is dedicated to increasing America's understanding of the world and to contributing ideas to US foreign policy. The council accomplishes this mainly by promoting constructive discussions, both in private and in public, and by publishing Foreign Affairs, a leading journal on global issues. CFR is host to the widest possible range of views, but an advocate of none, though its research fellows and independent task forces do take policy stands. The council seeks to add value to the public debate especially in its three major areas of research focus: Asia, international economics and rethinking national security. Council policy initiatives (CPIs) identify major foreign policy issues and present policy choices for addressing these issues in language Americans can readily understand. Council-sponsored independent task forces are convened to address urgent foreign policy issues with the aim of producing meaningful consensus on a policy. Great debates and policy impact panels (PIPs) bring together experts to debate, discuss and clarify topical foreign policy issues. Foreign Affairs often anticipates future foreign policy problems and educates its international readership.

CCFR is one of the largest independent, nonprofit international affairs organizations in the United States, serving over 7,000 members and the community through diversified programming. It provides members, specialized groups and the general public with a forum for the consideration of significant international issues and their bearing on American foreign policy. In over 150 meetings annually, including lectures, seminars, conferences, publications and other activities, the council seeks to represent all sides of complex issues on the global agenda. Events feature major policy makers and other foreign experts from around the world, offering participants the opportunity to ask questions, voice their opinions and engage in candid discussions. The council's goal is to further awareness and broaden understanding of international relations and foreign policy as well as to promote Chicago's status as an important international center. In addition to remaining a leading Midwest platform for international leaders in foreign policy, CCFR strives to take the lead in gaining recognition for Chicago as an international business center for the corporate community and to broaden and deepen the council´s role in the community.

CSIS is a private, tax-exempt institution, and its research is nonpartisan and nonproprietary. It is a public policy research institution dedicated to policy analysis and to having an impact. The center is distinctive for maintaining resident experts on all the world's major geographical regions; it also covers key functional areas such as international finance, emerging markets, US domestic and economic policy, and US foreign policy and national security issues. Policy impact is the basic mission of CSIS. Its goal is to inform and shape selected policy decisions in government and the private sector to meet the increasingly complex and difficult challenges that leaders will confront in the next century.

CIPE, an affiliate of the US Chamber of Commerce, works to build democracy and market economies throughout the world. It is active in four principal areas: a grants program currently supporting over 90 indigenous organizations in developing countries, an award-winning communications strategy, training programs and technical assistance through field offices. Since its inception, the center has funded more than 700 projects in 80 countries and has conducted management training programs throughout the world.

The institute is a nonpartisan public policy research foundation named for Cato´s Letters, libertarian pamphlets that helped lay the philosophical foundation for the American Revolution. The institute seeks to broaden the parameters of public policy debate to allow consideration of more options that are consistent with the traditional American principles of limited government, individual liberty and peace. Toward that goal, it strives to achieve greater involvement of the intelligent, concerned lay public in questions of policy and the proper role of government.

CEIP is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing cooperation between nations and promoting active international engagement by the United States. Its work is nonpartisan and dedicated to achieving practical results. Through research, publishing, convening and, on occasion, creating new institutions and international networks, endowment associates shape fresh policy approaches. Their interests span geographic regions and the relations among governments, business, international organizations and civil society, focusing on the economic, political and technological forces driving global change. Through its Carnegie Moscow Center, CEIP helps develop a tradition of public policy analysis in the states of the former Soviet Union and helps improve relations between Russia and the United States. The endowment publishes Foreign Policy, a leading magazine of international politics and economics, which reaches readers in more than 120 countries and is published in several languages.

Founded by Andrew Carnegie, CCEIA is an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization dedicated to research and education in the field of ethics and international affairs. The purpose of the council is to promote a greater understanding of the values and conditions that enable peaceful relations among nations. As a prominent national and international voice, it brings intellectual distinction and integrity to the idea that the moral dimension of international affairs needs to be understood along with political, economic and security considerations. CCEIA has attempted to define the field of ethics and international affairs by breaking it down into manageable units suitable for discussion and study. The council's research and studies program emphasizes themes that have a timeless quality and can be related directly and concretely to current `post-Cold War' policy concerns. All of these topics share three characteristics: They represent a sphere where power and principle interact, involve an issue where fundamental aspects of human decency and justice are at stake, and represent an area where the council believes it can make a significant contribution to the existing knowledge of the issue.

In its research, the institution functions as an independent analyst and critic, committed to publishing its findings for the information of the public. In its conferences and activities, it serves as a bridge between scholarship and public policy, bringing new knowledge to the attention of decision makers and affording scholars a better insight into public policy issues. The institution traces its beginnings to the founding of the Institute for Government Research, the first private organization devoted to public policy issues at the national level. In 1922 and 1924, the institute was joined by two supporting sister organizations, the Institute of Economics and the Robert Brookings Graduate School. In 1927, these three groups were consolidated into one institution, named in honor of Robert Somers Brookings (1850-1932), a St. Louis businessman whose leadership shaped the earlier organizations. Brookings scholars pursue more than 85 research projects at any given time. About 50 new books a year provide extensive background and insight on important public policy issues in business, economics, government and international affairs.

ATWA, a nonprofit organization, seeks to provide all possible information and ideas on important and controversial subjects of great current interest. This is done mainly through Capitol Hill conferences-about four per year -which bring together members of Congress and staff, foreign ambassadors and other policy makers and opinion leaders. More specialized seminars are also held at embassies and other places, occasionally in cooperation with other organizations. ATWA publishes reports of all conferences and occasional papers.

The institute is a global forum for leveraging the power of leaders to improve the human condition. Through its seminar and policy programs, it fosters enlightened, morally responsible leadership and convenes leaders and policy makers to address the foremost challenges of the new century. The Aspen Institute is a nonprofit organization with principal offices in Aspen, Colorado; Chicago, Illinois; Washington, DC, and on the Wye River on Maryland's Eastern Shore. The institute operates internationally through a network of partners in Europe and Asia.

AEI is dedicated to preserving and strengthening the foundations of freedom -limited government, private enterprise, vital cultural and political institutions, and a strong foreign policy and national defense -through scholarly research, open debate and publications. The institute publishes dozens of books and hundreds of articles and reports each year, as well as an influential policy magazine, The American Enterprise. AEI publications are distributed widely to government officials and legislators, business executives, journalists and academics; its conferences, seminars and lectures are covered regularly by national television.